Acute Coronary Syndrome TIMI Score
🫀 The TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) score is a bedside tool used to stratify risk in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
⚡ By combining simple clinical and ECG findings, it helps predict the likelihood of adverse events (MI, urgent revascularisation, or death).
🎯 Its strength lies in guiding decisions about early angiography, PCI, or surgery versus conservative management.
📌 About
- 🧾 TIMI identifies high- and intermediate-risk patients who benefit from early invasive strategies (angiography/angioplasty).
- 👩⚕️ All patients with chest pain suspected to be cardiac should undergo TIMI scoring.
- ⚠️ Remember: TIMI stratifies risk within cardiac chest pain — it does not distinguish cardiac vs non-cardiac chest pain.
🧮 TIMI Score Components
| Criteria |
Description |
Points |
| 👵 Age >65 years |
Older patients have higher baseline risk. |
1 |
| ⚠️ ≥3 Risk Factors |
HTN, DM, smoking, family history, dyslipidaemia. |
1 |
| 🩺 Prior Coronary Angiogram |
≥50% stenosis documented. |
1 |
| 💊 Aspirin in Past 7 Days |
Suggests ongoing angina despite therapy. |
1 |
| 💢 ≥2 Episodes of Rest Pain in 24h |
Unstable symptom pattern. |
1 |
| 📈 ST Deviation >1 mm |
ST depression/elevation on ECG. |
1 |
| 🧪 Elevated Cardiac Markers |
Raised troponin or CK-MB. |
1 |
| Total |
|
0–7 |
📊 Risk Stratification
| TIMI Score |
Risk of Adverse Event |
Category |
| 0–2 |
⬇️ <8.3% |
🟢 Low Risk |
| 3–4 |
⚖️ ~19.9% |
🟡 Intermediate Risk |
| 5–7 |
⬆️ Up to 41% |
🔴 High Risk |
💡 Clinical Implications
- 🟢 Low Risk (0–2): Often managed conservatively; outpatient stress testing + medical therapy.
- 🟡 Intermediate Risk (3–4): Consider early invasive strategy (angiography ± PCI).
- 🔴 High Risk (5–7): Requires urgent invasive management (PCI or CABG if anatomy unsuitable).
🧑⚕️ Clinical Pearls
- 📈 Higher TIMI = higher mortality + MACE (major adverse cardiac events).
- 🔍 TIMI complements (not replaces) clinical judgement and biomarkers.
- ♻️ Reassess regularly — risk profile may evolve.
- 🧪 A TIMI >3 generally prompts early invasive work-up in UK/European practice (per ESC/NICE guidelines).
🛠️ Management Pathway by TIMI
- 🟢 Low Risk (0–2): Medical therapy (aspirin, statins, beta-blocker, nitrates), consider exercise test.
- 🟡 Intermediate (3–4): Coronary angiography within 24–72h, PCI if culprit lesion found.
- 🔴 High Risk (5–7): Urgent PCI (primary if STEMI; early invasive if NSTEMI/UA). CABG if multi-vessel/left main disease.
📚 References
