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Tramadol ๐
Related Subjects: |Analgesia and Pain management |Sedation and Analgesia on ITU |Neuropathic Pain Management |Codeine |Dihydrocodeine |Diamorphine |Morphine |Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) |Tramadol
โ ๏ธ Toxicity is only partially reversed with Naloxone. Tramadol is a Schedule 3 controlled drug and therefore subject to the legal prescription requirements of controlled drugs.
๐ About
- Always check the BNF link here for up-to-date information.
โ๏ธ Mode of Action
- Centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic.
- Weak ฮผ-opioid receptor agonist + inhibits serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake (SNRI activity).
๐ Indications & Dose
- Analgesia: 50โ100 mg every 4 hours. Maximum 400 mg per 24 hours.
- Postoperative pain: 100 mg initially, then 50 mg every 20 minutes. Max 250 mg in the first hour, then 50โ100 mg every 4โ6 hours. Absolute max: 600 mg per 24 hours.
๐ Interactions
- MAO inhibitors: Contraindicated โ risk of severe reactions.
- SSRIs/SNRIs: Risk of serotonin syndrome (agitation, hyperreflexia, fever).
- Other CNS depressants (hypnotics, opioids, alcohol) โ additive sedation/respiratory depression.
โ ๏ธ Cautions
- May lower seizure threshold (risk higher with epilepsy).
- Hepatic/renal impairment.
- Use with caution in respiratory disease (COPD, asthma, sleep apnoea).
๐ซ Contraindications
- Acute respiratory depression.
- Paralytic ileus.
- Raised intracranial pressure or head trauma.
- Poorly controlled epilepsy.
- Alcohol or drug intoxication.
- Not for use in narcotic withdrawal treatment.
โ Side Effects
- Nausea, vomiting, constipation, dry mouth.
- Dizziness, headache, somnolence โ caution with driving/operating machinery.
- Seizures (dose-dependent, especially with interacting drugs).
๐ References
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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