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Cisplatin
💊 Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapy agent. Always check the BNF entry here before prescribing.
⚙️ Mode of Action
- Platinum-containing anti-cancer drug, functioning as an alkylating agent.
- Forms DNA cross-links → disrupts DNA replication and transcription.
- Cell cycle non-specific but particularly effective in rapidly dividing cells.
🎯 Indications
- Testicular, ovarian, and bladder cancers.
- Head & neck, oesophageal, lung (small & non-small cell), breast, cervical, stomach, prostate cancers.
- Lymphomas (Hodgkin’s, non-Hodgkin’s), neuroblastoma, sarcomas, myeloma, melanoma, mesothelioma.
💉 Dose & Administration
- Given intravenously (IV infusion).
- Requires pre- and post-treatment hydration to protect kidneys.
🤝 Interactions
- Avoid live immunisations during treatment.
- Concomitant nephrotoxic or ototoxic drugs increase risk of toxicity.
⚠️ Cautions
- Ensure adequate hydration (urine output >100 ml/hr).
- Always prescribe antiemetics to counter severe nausea/vomiting.
- Educate patients: seek urgent help if fever ≥37.5°C or if feeling unwell (infection risk).
🚫 Contraindications
- Refer to BNF for full list.
❗ Side Effects
- 🎧 Ototoxicity: hearing loss, tinnitus.
- 🧪 Nephrotoxicity (acute tubular necrosis), electrolyte losses (Mg, Ca, K).
- 🩸 Myelosuppression: anaemia, neutropenia (2–3 weeks), thrombocytopenia.
- 🤢 Severe nausea and vomiting (highly emetogenic).
- 🔥 Local thrombophlebitis at infusion site.
- Metallic taste, peripheral neuropathy.
📚 References
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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