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Hydroxocobalamin 💊
ℹ️ About
Always check the BNF link here 📖 for full prescribing information.
⚙️ Mode of Action
- Vitamin B12 analogue - cofactor in DNA synthesis and red blood cell production.
- Corrects impaired folate metabolism, supporting neurological and haematological function.
- Binds cyanide to form cyanocobalamin (renally excreted) → antidote effect for cyanide poisoning ☠️.
💊 Indications & Doses
- Pernicious anaemia / other B12 deficiency macrocytic anaemias: Hydroxocobalamin 1 mg IM, 6 doses over 3 weeks, then 1 mg every 3 months for life.
- B12 deficiency (oral option): 1–2 mg PO daily, then weekly, then monthly maintenance - may be as effective as IM.
- Cyanide toxicity (Cyanokit): Hydroxocobalamin 5 g IV over 15 min; may repeat with 5 g over 15–120 mins depending on severity.
⚠️ Interactions
- See BNF - few significant interactions; high-dose vitamin C may theoretically reduce effectiveness.
🔎 Cautions
- Monitor FBC, reticulocyte count, U&E and potassium (risk of hypokalaemia during initial treatment).
- Consider concurrent folate deficiency - correct if present.
🚫 Contraindications
- See BNF - no absolute contraindications, except hypersensitivity.
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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