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Doxycycline
⚠️ Should not be given to pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, or children <12 years (except anthrax when no alternative exists).
📖 About
Always check the BNF link here.
- 💊 A tetracycline antibiotic, usually taken once daily.
- 💧 Swallow capsules with plenty of fluid, preferably with food (to reduce GI upset).
⚙️ Action
- 🌍 Broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and atypical organisms.
- 🔗 Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis (binds to 30S ribosomal subunit).
💉 Indications / Dose
- 🫁 CAP/HAP/COPD exacerbation: 200 mg stat, then 100 mg OD for 5 days PO.
- 🧬 Early syphilis: 100 mg BD for 14 days.
- 🧬 Late syphilis: 200 mg BD for 28 days.
- 💙 Genital chlamydia: 100 mg BD for 7 days.
- 🕷️ Lyme disease: 100 mg BD for 21 days.
- ☣️ Anthrax: 100 mg BD (children only if no alternative).
- 🦟 Falciparum malaria (with quinine): 200 mg/day for 7 days.
- 😊 Acne / rosacea: 100 mg OD (long-term courses common).
🔄 Interactions
- 📌 See BNF for full details.
- ⚠️ Absorption reduced by milk, antacids, and iron preparations (separate doses by several hours).
⚠️ Cautions
- 🦷 Causes dental staining and enamel hypoplasia in children.
- 🌞 Photosensitivity – advise avoiding UV exposure and tanning lamps.
- 🦴 Deposition in developing bone and teeth.
⛔ Contraindications
- 🚫 Pregnancy.
- 🚫 Breastfeeding.
- 🚫 Children <12 years (except anthrax).
- ⚠️ Use cautiously in renal impairment.
💥 Side Effects
- 🤢 GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, antibiotic-associated colitis.
- 🌡️ Dermatological: rash, dermatitis, Stevens–Johnson syndrome.
- 🧠 Neurological: idiopathic intracranial hypertension (rare but important).
- 🧪 Hepatic: hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis.
- 🦷 Dental: staining, enamel hypoplasia (esp. children).
📚 References
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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