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🦠 Lyme disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder caused by the spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi.
🐞 Transmitted by Ixodid (deer) ticks, it is common in the USA, Asia, and Europe.
💡 Early recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term complications.
💡 Exam Pearl: The triad of erythema migrans, facial palsy, and AV block is highly suggestive of Lyme disease.
🔬 Infectious Agents
📅 Seasonality
🕷️ Ixodid tick (vector for Lyme disease).
📖 Clinical Stages
🩺 Stages of Lyme Disease
Stage 1 (Early Localized)
~1 month after bite
🟢 Erythema migrans (bull’s-eye rash), fever, malaise, headache, fatigue, lymphadenopathy.
Stage 2 (Early Disseminated)
Weeks–months
🌍 Multiple skin lesions, migratory arthralgia, myalgia.
❤️ Carditis (AV block).
🧠 Neurology: meningitis, facial palsy, radiculopathy.
Stage 3 (Late Lyme)
Months–years
🦵 Chronic arthritis (large joints).
🧠 Encephalopathy, peripheral neuropathy.
🌐 Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (Europe).
🧠 Bannwarth’s Syndrome
🧪 Investigations
🛡️ Prevention
💊 Management
📌 Key Points & Considerations
📚 References