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Minocycline
⚠️ Avoid in pregnancy, breastfeeding, and children <12 years (deposits in bone/teeth → staining & hypoplasia). 🚫 Contraindicated in acute porphyria and severe CKD.
📖 About
Always check the BNF link here.
- 💊 Tetracycline-class antibiotic.
- 🕒 Long half-life allows once or twice daily dosing.
⚙️ Action
- 🔗 Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit.
- 🛑 Bacteriostatic effect.
💉 Indications
- 😊 Acne vulgaris (often prolonged courses >3 months).
- 🧫 Historically used for meningococcal prophylaxis, but largely abandoned due to vestibular side effects (dizziness, vertigo).
🔄 Interactions
- ⚠️ Avoid oral retinoids (e.g., isotretinoin, acitretin) → risk of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumour cerebri).
- ⬇️ May reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives (use additional contraception).
- ⚖️ Strontium ranelate reduces absorption of minocycline.
- 🩸 Can ↑ INR in patients taking warfarin.
⚠️ Cautions
- ✅ May be used in renal failure (unlike older tetracyclines).
- 🌞 Photosensitivity → advise sunscreen and avoidance of excessive sunlight/UV lamps.
⛔ Contraindications
- 🚫 Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- 🚫 Children <12 years (deposits in teeth & bone).
- 🚫 Severe CKD, porphyria.
📊 Dose
- 😊 Acne vulgaris: 100 mg PO OD or BD (often long-term).
💥 Side Effects
- 🤢 GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, antibiotic-associated colitis.
- 🌡️ Dermatological: rash, dermatitis, Stevens–Johnson syndrome.
- 🧠 Neurological: idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
- 🧪 Hepatic: hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis (↑ risk with prolonged use → monitor LFTs).
- 🎨 Pigmentation of skin, nails, or mucosa with prolonged courses.
- 💇 Alopecia (rare).
- 🌡️ Drug-induced lupus erythematosus (with prolonged use).
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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