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Ruptured Ovarian Cyst ✅
Related Subjects: |Ectopic Pregnancy | Ovarian Torsion | Ruptured Ovarian Cyst | Septic Abortion /Miscarriage | Pelvic Abscess | Acute Uterine Haemorrhage | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
💥 Ruptured Ovarian Cyst
⚠️ Ruptured ovarian cysts are a common cause of acute pelvic pain in women of reproductive age. Most are self-limiting, but haemodynamic instability or significant haemoperitoneum requires urgent intervention.
📋 Clinical Presentation
- ⚡ Sudden-onset, sharp unilateral pelvic pain (often mid-cycle; "mittelschmerz").
- Abdominal bloating, tenderness, or guarding.
- Light vaginal bleeding may occur.
- Severe cases: dizziness, syncope, hypotension, or signs of shock if significant intraperitoneal bleeding.
- Nausea or vomiting may accompany pain.
🔬 Investigations
- Pelvic ultrasound → collapsed cyst, free fluid in the pelvis or peritoneum; may help identify active bleeding.
- Full blood count → assess haemoglobin/haematocrit for blood loss.
- Pregnancy test → exclude ectopic pregnancy in all women of reproductive age presenting with acute pelvic pain.
- Optional: CT or MRI if diagnosis is unclear or other pathology suspected.
⚙️ Management
- Stable patients (hemodynamically stable, mild symptoms):
- Observation and analgesia (NSAIDs or opioids as required).
- IV fluids if mild dehydration.
- Follow-up imaging to ensure resolution.
- Unstable patients (hypotension, ongoing bleeding, large haemoperitoneum):
- Urgent surgical intervention: laparoscopy or laparotomy.
- Cystectomy or haemostasis as needed.
- Resuscitation with IV fluids and blood products if indicated.
- Supportive care:
- Monitor vital signs, urine output, and haemoglobin trends.
- Counsel regarding recurrence risk and contraception if needed.
📚 References
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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