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Pregnancy and the puerperium increase venous thromboembolic risk, while physiologic tachycardia and breathlessness can obscure dangerous PE.
Consider unexplained sudden dyspnoea, pleuritic pain, syncope, hypoxia or unilateral leg swelling, especially after birth. Maternal collapse requires immediate resuscitation.
Seek immediate obstetric and acute medical review and follow the local pregnancy-VTE diagnostic and anticoagulation pathway; discuss specialist anticoagulation while investigations are arranged.
Perform ECG and chest radiograph as indicated, and use leg compression ultrasound if DVT symptoms coexist. Specialist imaging may involve V/Q scanning or CTPA after an individual risk discussion.
Do not use the standard adult outpatient PE pathway, routine D-dimer thresholds or non-pregnant anticoagulant assumptions without a validated maternity protocol.
UK reference: RCOG Green-top 37b. Focused editorial source check, 7 November 2026; this is not independent clinical or pharmacy sign-off. Verify current local policy, BNF/BNFC and specialist advice before treatment. Not a prescribing protocol.
Related guides: Venous Thromboembolism Pregnancy and Puerperium ยท Suspected pulmonary embolism - stable โ ๏ธ ๐ซ